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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | torgajem | om torgaje/torgaj |
| 2SG: | torgajet | ot torgaje/torgaj |
| 3SG: | torgaja | ok/ogeš torgaje/torgaj |
| 1PL: | torgajena | ona/ogə̑na torgaje/torgaj |
| 2PL: | torgajeda | oda/ogə̑da torgaje/torgaj |
| 3PL: | torgajat | ogə̑t torgaje/torgaj |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | torgajə̑šə̑m | šə̑m torgaje/torgaj |
| 2SG: | torgajə̑šə̑č́ | šə̑č́ torgaje/torgaj |
| 3SG: | torgajə̑š | ə̑š torgaje/torgaj |
| 1PL: | torgajə̑šna | ə̑šna torgaje/torgaj |
| 2PL: | torgajə̑šda | ə̑šda torgaje/torgaj |
| 3PL: | torgajə̑št | ə̑št torgaje/torgaj |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | torgajenam | torgajen omə̑l |
| 2SG: | torgajenat | torgajen otə̑l |
| 3SG: | torgajen | torgajen ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | torgajenna | torgajen onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | torgajenda | torgajen odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | torgajenə̑t | torgajen ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | torgajem ə̑l'e | om torgaje/torgaj ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | torgajet ə̑l'e | ot torgaje/torgaj ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | torgaja ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš torgaje/torgaj ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | torgajena ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na torgaje/torgaj ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | torgajeda ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da torgaje/torgaj ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | torgajat ə̑l'e | ogə̑t torgaje/torgaj ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | torgajem ulmaš | om torgaje/torgaj ulmaš |
| 2SG: | torgajet ulmaš | ot torgaje/torgaj ulmaš |
| 3SG: | torgaja ulmaš | ok/ogeš torgaje/torgaj ulmaš |
| 1PL: | torgajena ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na torgaje/torgaj ulmaš |
| 2PL: | torgajeda ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da torgaje/torgaj ulmaš |
| 3PL: | torgajat ulmaš | ogə̑t torgaje/torgaj ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | torgajenam ə̑l'e | torgajen omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | torgajenat ə̑l'e | torgajen otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | torgajen ə̑l'e | torgajen ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | torgajenna ə̑l'e | torgajen onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | torgajenda ə̑l'e | torgajen odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | torgajen ə̑l'e | torgajen ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | torgajenam ulmaš | torgajen omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | torgajenat ulmaš | torgajen otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | torgajen ulmaš | torgajen ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | torgajenna ulmaš | torgajen onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | torgajenda ulmaš | torgajen odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | torgajen ulmaš | torgajen ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | torgaje/torgaj | it torgaje/torgaj |
| 3SG: | torgajə̑že | ə̑nže torgaje/torgaj |
| 1PL: | (torgajena) | (ona/ogə̑na torgaje/torgaj) |
| 2PL: | torgajə̑za | ida torgaje/torgaj |
| 3PL: | torgajə̑št | ə̑nə̑št torgaje/torgaj |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | torgajə̑nem | ə̑nem torgaje/torgaj |
| 2SG: | torgajə̑net | ə̑net torgaje/torgaj |
| 3SG: | torgajə̑neže | ə̑než torgaje/torgaj |
| 1PL: | torgajə̑nena | ə̑nena torgaje/torgaj |
| 2PL: | torgajə̑neda | ə̑neda torgaje/torgaj |
| 3PL: | torgajə̑nešt | ə̑nešt torgaje/torgaj |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | torgajə̑nem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem torgaje/torgaj ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | torgajə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑net torgaje/torgaj ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | torgajə̑neže ə̑l'e | ə̑než torgaje/torgaj ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | torgajə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena torgaje/torgaj ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | torgajə̑neda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda torgaje/torgaj ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | torgajə̑nešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt torgaje/torgaj ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | torgajə̑net ulmaš | ə̑net torgaje/torgaj ulmaš |
| 3SG: | torgajə̑neže ulmaš | ə̑než torgaje/torgaj ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | torgajə̑neda ulmaš | ə̑neda torgaje/torgaj ulmaš |
| 3PL: | torgajə̑nešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt torgaje/torgaj ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | torgajaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | torgajə̑man |
| Active participle: | torgajə̑še |
| Passive participle: | torgajə̑me |
| Future-necessitive participle: | torgajə̑šaš |
| Negative participle: | torgajə̑də̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | torgajen |
| Negative gerund: | torgajə̑de |
| Gerund of prior action: | torgajə̑mek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | torgajə̑meš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | torgajə̑šə̑la |
| Nominalization: | torgajə̑maš |
| Negative nominalization: | torgajə̑də̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||